Aeroplane



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. I C. W. NEWSON AEROPLANE Filed Sept. 24 92 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 WITNESSES INVENTOR I warencfi IWZYZWSQIZ,

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C. \N. N EWSON AEROPLANE Filed Sept. 24 92 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 BY K A TTORNE YS Patented Apr. 6, 1926.

UNITED STATE:

CLARENCE WILLIAM NEWSON, 01E fiAL'iL LAKE CITY, UTAH.

AEROPLAN E.

. Application filed September 24, 1924. Serial No. 739,631.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CLARENCE WILLIAM NnwsoN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Salt Lake City, in the county of Salt Lake and State of Utah, have in vented certain new and useful Improvements in Aeroplanes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to flying machines and more particularly to flying machines of that class in which the machine is supported in flight by the reactions of the air upon one or more sustaining surfaces and is more particularly directed to a construction of sun faces controllable at will for affecting the lifting power and varying the positions of the machine. g Y An object of the invention is the provision of .controllable ailerons partially confined within the boundaries of the supporting sur faces of planes and adapted to be controlled for banking of the aero lane, the ailerons providing an extension of the wing surfaces for aiding in lifting the machine.

A further object of the invention is the provision of additional lifting surfaces controllable at will for furthering the lifting of the aeroplane.

A still further object of the invention is the provision of elevators pivotally connected'to the opposite side edges of the fuselage which are adapted to be extended horizontally when the aeroplane is in flight and providing a continuous flow of air currents from. the nose to the tail of the machine, thereby providing a greater supporting surface and thus requiring less power for maintaining the aeroplane in the air.

. This invention will be best understood from a consideration of the following detailed description, in view of'the accompanying drawing forming a part of the specification;'nevertheless it is to be understood that the invention is not confined to the disclosure, being susceptible of such changes and modifications which shall define no material departure from the salient features of the invention as expressed in the appendedclaimsp- A r In the drawings:

Figurel is a view in perspective of an aeroplane constructed according to the, principles of myinvention.

Figure 2 is a top plan View of the aeroplane.

F igure, 3 is a plan view with the upper wing removed.

Figure 1 is a side View of the aeroplane.

Figure 5 is a view in perspective of the wings showing the additionallifts and ailerons and mechanism for operating the same.

Figure 6 is a transverse vertical section of the aeroplane taken along the line 66 of Figure 1.

Figure 7 is a fragmentary View in elevation of a joy stick and the'bearing sup.- port for the same.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, 1 designates the body of the aeroplane to which are connected in the usual manner wings or lifting surfaces 2, 3 and 3 These wings are rigidly connected together by means of struts 4 reinforced by guy wires 5.

At the rear edge of the upper wing 2 is pivotally connected at 6 an extra elevator or lift 7. A pair of bridles 8 and 8 are mounted on the top of the elevator 7 adjacent its outer free end and a pair ofbridles 9 and 9 are connected to the lower face of the elevator and in vertical alinement respectively with the bridles 8 and 8*. To the bridle 8 is connected a cable 10 carried over and maintained around a pulley 11 on the lifting surface 2 and then is passed through an opening and carried downwardly as shown at 12-and connected to the upper arm 13 onashaft 14. The second bridle 8 issimilarly connected with a cable 15 entrained around a pulley 16 and carried downwardly beneath the wing 2 as shown at-17 and through an opening in said wing and secured to an upper arm 18 on the shaft 14.

A cable'19 is similarly attached to the bridle 9. mounted on the under face of the elevator 7 and carried forwardly. and entrained around pulleys and then carried to a lower arm 13 on shaft 14 while bridle 9 is connected by a cable 19 to a lower arm 18 on shaft 14:. Each of the pairs of arms 13, 13 and 18, 18 are in alinement.

Corresponding to the elevator 6 are a pair of elevators 22 and 23 hingedly connected respectively to the rear edges of the wings 3 and 3; These extra elevators 22 and 23 are each provided with a bridle 24C'on their upper faces.- Bridle 24 on elevator 22 is connected by a cable 25 to arm 13, the cable being entrained over a pulley 27 on wing 3 while a cable 26'- connects bridle 24 on the elevator 23 with the arm 18. A cable 25 Lit lit

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connects bridle 24 on the under face the elevator 22 with the arm 13 and a cable 26 connects bridle 24 on the under face of elevator 23 with arm 18.

An elevator 28 located at the tail of the body and below the rudder 29 has a pair of elevators 30 pivotally connected at 31 to the rear edge of the member 28 and are con trolled through cables 32 entrained over pulley 33. The outer ends of the cables are attached to bridles on the upper surface of the elevator 30 and are carried forwardly through the body 1 and connected to the arms 13 and 18. respectively, of the shaft 14 so that as the joy stick is operated the extra elevators 7, and 23 and the elevators 30 are operated simultaneously. Cables 36 connected with bridles 37 mounted on the under faces of the elevators 30 and on their lower surfaces are carried forwardly and connected to the arms 13 and 18, respectively, for aiding in maintaining the elevator 30 in any desired position.

The body lifts 38 and 39 are pivotally connected to the opposite sides of the body 1 of the aeroplane and adapted to be maintained in horizontal position by the members 40 when the aeroplane is in the air or the lifts may be folded up flat against the body when not in use. These additional lifts are provided for varying a continuous flow of air from the nose of the machine to the tail giving the aeroplane more wind space and which cooperates to maintain the aeroplane in the air with less power.

An aileron 41 is pivotally connected to the rear edge and at one corner of the lifting surface 2. A second aileron -12 is pivoted to the rear edge and the opposite corner of said lifting surface. It will be seen that these ailerons are located within the plane of the wing 2 and form substantially a part of the lifting surface except an extension 43 on each aileron which projects beyond the rear edge. The extension 43 of aileron 41 is provided with a bridle 44 to which is connected a cable 45. This cable is carried over pulleys 46 and 47 and then downwardly through a passage in the forward portion of the wing 2 and connected to a perforated sliding lug 48. This lug is connected to an arm 49 on the joy stick 35 by a link 26. The aileron 42 is likewise provided with an extension 43 having a bridle 52 connected to a pulley 53; entrained over pulleys 54 and 55 and then carried downwardly and connected to a slidable perforated lug 51. This lug is connected by a link 21 to an arm 50 and the joy stick 35. The lugs 48 and 51 ride in grooves or tracks 14 formed in the shaft 14. The link 20 has pivotal connections with arm 49 and lug 48 while link 21 has pivotal connections with arm 50 and lug 51. This construction will permit the stick 35 to be rocked in either direction to slide one of the lugs while maintaining the other stationary as shown in dotted lines in Figure T, and this is due to the fact that when the stick is moved to the left arm 50 and link "it will be moved upwardly until the arm and link are in alinemcnt. However, the rocking of the stick will cause arm 49 to be moved towards the right and thereby draw link 20 and lug 48 to the right. The reverse opera tion of the joy stick 3.3 to the right will maintain lug 48 stationary while lug 51. is moved to the left.

The wing 3 is provided with an aileron 57 while wing 3 is provided with an aileron 58 with both of these ailerons being disposed in the surface of their respective wings and to which they are pivotally connected, the ailerons forming the completion of the wings at the cut away portions of the wings in which the ailerons are located. 'l'hcsc ailerons are provided with extensions (33 and cables 59 connected to the usual bridle (3-0 with said cables carried fm-wardly and inwardly over pulleys tit and t3). to the joy stick. Cable 59 from the aileron 57 is con nected to lug 38 while the cable from aileron 58 is connected with lug 51.

Ailerons 41 and 57 are operated by oscillating stick 35 to the right while ailerons 42 and 58 are. elevated by the movement of the joy stick to the left.

The ends of the shaft 14- are mounted hearings on the body and the joy stick 35 is pivotally connected as shown at G0 in a slot of the shaft 14 so that the joy stick may be rocked laterally and independently of any movement of the shaft or may be rocked forwardly or rearwardly for rocking shaft 14. lVhen the stick is rocked forwardly or rearwardly the integrally formed arms 13 and 13 and the integ ally formed arms 18 and 18 are oscillated simultaneously.

The grooves 14 in the shaft 14 are T- shaped in cross section and the lugs 48 and 50 are likewise T-shaped so that the lugs fitted in the T-shaped grooves may slide along the groove and be prevented from being readily disengaged from the same when the joy stick 35 is oscillated laterally or transversely of the body of the aeroplane.

The operation of my device is as follows:

The extra elevators 7 22 and 23 and the movable elevators 3O pivotally connected with the elevator 28 adjacent the tail 29 are operated by a single control through the forward or rearward movement of the joy stick lVhen the aviator pulls the joy stick towards him with the stick vertically positioned all the elevators are raised thus causing the aeroplane to rise in the air and when the stick is moved away from the aviator these elevators are reversely positioned, that is downwardly whence the aeroplane will be caused to be lowered. In order to bank the aeroplane either on the left or right side the joy stick is placed centrally and vertically and when moved laterally or transversely of the machine or more particularly to the left the right ailerons 4-2 and 58 are elevated thus giving a right bank and when the joy stick is moved to the right the left ailerons are elevated thus giving a left bank. It will be noted that the cables and bridles are only connected to the upper sur face of ailerons for elevating the same since the pressure of the air will tend to depress the ailerons and due to the pivotal connection which permits only elevation of the ailerons, said ailerons will be maintained normally horizontal unless elevated by the joy stick.

Through the special construction of the arms 49 and 50 which are rigid with the stick and pivoted to the respective links 20 and 21 whereby the lugs 48 and 51 are connected to said arms only one lug will be actuated upon oscillation of the joy stick while the other lug remains stationary so that but one set of ailerons upon one side of the machine will be actuated at one time.

It will be seen that I have greatly increased'the elevating surfaces of the aeroplane with more definite and exacting control for causing elevation and descent of the aeroplane and for banking.

V hat I claim is:

1. A supporting surface for flying machines comprising vertic'ally spaced planes provided at the corners of their trailing edges with ailerons forming part of the planes, said ailerons being extended beyond the trailing edges of the planes, extra elevators pivoted to the trailing edges of the a joy stick pivoted on the shaft rockable laterally of the body of the machine and rockable longitudinally of the machine for rocking the shaft, means connecting the shaft with the elevators, and extra elevators whereby rocking of the shaft by the joy stick causes elevation or lowering of the elevators and extra elevators, and means slidable on the shaft and connected with the ailerons on the opposite sides of the machine whereby lateral oscillation of the joy stick will cause alternate elevation of the sets of ailerons upon the opposite sides of the machine.

2. A supporting surface for flying machines comprising vertically spaced planes provided at the corners of their trailing edges with ailerons forming part of the planes, said ailerons being extended beyond the trailing edges of the planes, extra elevators pivoted to the trailing edges of the planes intermediate their ends, a body ex tending centrally and transversely of the planes, a shaft rockably mounted in the body, a joy stick pivoted for oscillation transversely of the body and longitudinally of the shaft, a lug slidably mounted on the shaft at each side of the joy stick, a link pivot-ally connecting each lug with the joy stick whereby when the stick is moved to one side one lug will be maintained stationary while the other lug will be moved along the shaft, and means connecting a lug with the set of ailerons upon one side of the machine.

CLARENGE WILLIAM NEWSON. 

